The weather in Antarctica is known as the world's coldest climate on earth. It has the lowest naturally occurring temperature ever documented on the earth surface with a -89.2 degrees Celsius or -128.6 degrees Fahrenheit at Vostok Station.
Vostok Station is a Russian research station in domestic Princess Elizabeth Land, Antarctica. The station is at the southern Pole of Cold, with the world's bottommost dependably measured natural temperature. Vostok Station has ice cap weather, with long chilly wintertime and shortest but coldest solstices. The typical weather is tremendously dry, with an average of only 2.6 millimeters of rainfall per year. Vostok is known as the world's Pole of Cold. The Poles of Cold are southern and northern hemispheres locations where the lowest air temperatures have been chronicled.
Satellites have recorded Antarctica's weather with even lower temperature. It is also extremely dry, theoretically a desert, averaging 166 millimeters of rainfall a year. On utmost parts of the region the snow hardly melts and is ultimately packed down to become the glacial ice that makes up the ice sheet. Because of the Katabatic winds, weather fronts seldom enter far into the continent. Most of Antarctica has an ice cap climate with the coldest and usually very dry weather.
Severe low temperatures differ with latitude, elevation, and distance from the ocean. East Antarctica is colder than West Antarctica because of its higher elevation. The Antarctic Peninsula has the most temperate weather. Along the coast, higher temperatures occur in January and average marginally below freezing.
Almost all of Antarctica is covered by a sheet of ice. The continent contains 90 percent of the world's ice and over 70 percent of its fresh water. If the entire land-ice casing Antarctica were to melt, the ocean depths would rise by over 60 meters. However, this is very improbable within the next few centuries. The Antarctic weather is so cold that even with increases of a few degrees, temperatures would generally remain below the ice's melting point.
Warmer weather temperatures are expected to lead to more snow, which would increase the amount of ice in Antarctica, counterweighing roughly one third of the projected sea level rise from thermal development of the oceans. In a recent decade, East Antarctica thickened at an average rate of about 1.8 centimeters per year while West Antarctica presented a general thinning of 0.9 centimeters per year.
Since the '50s, a 2009 research found that overall Antarctica had become; a discovery dependent with the influence of man-made weather change. The zone of strongest cooling appears at the South Pole, and the area of strongest warming lies along the Antarctic Peninsula. A conceivable elucidation is that UV-absorbing ozone damage may have cooled the stratosphere and strengthened the polar vortex, a pattern of rotating winds around the South Pole. The vortex acts like an atmospheric barricade, averting warmer, littoral air from moving into the continent's interior. A stronger polar vortex might explain Antarctica's interior cooling drift.
In the latest September 20, 2007 research study, NASA researchers have inveterate that Antarctic snow is melting beyond domestic from the shore over time, melting at higher altitudes perpetually and progressively melting on Antarctica's largest ice shelf. There is also widespread glacier retreat evidence around the Antarctic Peninsula. On December 21, 2012, researchers conveyed in Nature Geoscience that from 1958 to 2010, the mediocre weather temperature at the mile-high Byrd Station increased by 2.4 degrees Celsius, with warming fastest in its winter and spring. The area which is in West Antarctic Ice Sheet's core is one of the earth's fastest-warming locations.
The weather in Antarctica can be highly capricious, and the meteorological conditions can often change intensely in short periods of time. There are several categorizations for describing weather conditions in Antarctica. The nation and the station usually give out restrictions to workers during the diverse and intense climate vicissitudes.
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