5 Negative Impact of Extended Work Hours on People and Companies According to Research

By Moon Harper

Dec 09, 2023 04:28 AM EST

Overworking — (Photo : Unsplash/Resume Genius )

The pandemic changed how and where people work, affecting the work-life balance for many. Whether working from home, adjusting to new schedules, or responding to supply and demand shifts, many workers experienced longer work hours in the past year.

Culture of Overwork

The pattern of extended work hours often starts at the top of the organizational hierarchy and extends downward. Managers encourage employees to work long hours, respond to emails anytime, and willingly give up their off-hours, nights, weekends, and vacations without complaint. Economic incentives, corporate culture, and easily accessible technologies that keep the office just a tap away contribute to this.

Reasons Why We Overwork

As we move into the post-pandemic era and schedules are readjusted, it's crucial to recognize the potential negative impact that prolonged hours can have on individuals and companies. In a Harvard Business Review article, Sarah Green Carmichael examines the risks of extended work hours for individuals and companies.

Culture of Overwork:

Influence of managerial expectations on employee work hours.
The cascading effect within organizational structures.

External Factors Contributing to Extended Work Hours:

Economic incentives and their impact on working hours.
The role of corporate culture in fostering a culture of overwork.
Accessibility of technology and its influence on work-life boundaries.

Individual Motivations for Long Working Hours:

Ambition and its impact on work hours.
Societal expectations and the perceived sense of duty.
The lure of short-term rewards and its role in work habits.

Work as a Haven:

The surprising finding is that work can be less stressful than home life.
The psychological aspects of finding confidence and control in the workplace.

Are We Getting More Done?

Overworking may not necessarily benefit us. Research indicates that significant evidence suggests that overworking does not lead to increased productivity or personal well-being. Instead, it can have several detrimental effects on both individuals and organizations.

Increased Stress and Burnout:

Extended work hours often contribute to elevated stress levels among employees. The constant pressure to meet deadlines and fulfill job responsibilities without sufficient rest can lead to burnout, characterized by emotional exhaustion, reduced performance, and detachment from work.

Weakened Health and Well-being:

Overworking has been linked to detrimental health effects where long-hour workers may have disturbed sleep cycles, higher levels of exhaustion, and a higher chance of physical and mental health problems like depression, anxiety, and cardiovascular disease.

Decline in Job Satisfaction and Work-Life Balance:

Job satisfaction and work-life balance may suffer from extended work hours. Long-hour workers may find it challenging to balance their personal and professional lives, causing them to become dissatisfied with their jobs and have strained relationships outside of work.

Reduced Productivity and Creativity:

Excessive working hours may lead to decreased cognitive performance, which contradicts the notion that longer work days equal more productivity. Work quality can suffer due to fatigue and insufficient breaks that impair creativity, problem-solving skills, and general productivity.

Organizational Consequences:

Increased working hours can significantly impact businesses, causing high staff turnover, elevated absenteeism, and a detrimental effect on workplace morale. If an organization's reputation for consistently requiring long hours at work, it may also be challenging to attract and retain talent.

These consequences draw attention to the complex effects of extended work hours and underscore the need to foster a positive work environment that puts employees' health first and values work-life balance.