A few weeks back, during the set shooting of Thor: Ragnarok, photos were "leaked" of Chris Hemsworth in New York, playing as Thor, holding a small paper card that writes 177 Bleecker St. Speculations suggested that Thor will have a cameo appearance in the Doctor Strange movie since 177 Bleecker St. Is the address of the Sanctum Sanctorum, the base of operations of Doctor Strange. With the release of Doctor Strange in the movie houses, it appears that it might be the other way around.
Thor definitely did not appear as a cameo in the main Doctor Strange movie, but surprisingly appears in one of the two end-credit scenes. In the end-credit scene, Thor appears in a room with Doctor Strange, and they discuss how Thor is looking for Odin along with his brother, Loki. This scene may cause confusion for the audience since there weren't any plots in the past Thor movies which suggested that Odin was missing or that Loki and Thor are working together to find the Asgardian King in Earth, specifically in New York. At the end of the conversation, Doctor Strange agrees to help Thor locate Odin.
This might suggest that Doctor Strange will have a role to play in the upcoming Thor movie, Thor: Ragnarok. But as it was already established that the story of Ragnarok would primarily be in Asgard, it would be difficult to imagine Doctor Strange in this upcoming film.
For the upcoming Avengers film, though, Doctor Strange may play a role in gathering them together to bring back the Avengers team. From the most recent Captain America: Civil War movie, the audience saw the Avengers get divided into two sides, not to mention Hulk and Thor having to face their own demons and disappearing as seen in the Avengers: Age of Ultron Movie.
In the same manner that Doctor Strange agreed to help Thor look for Odin, Doctor Strange movie director Scott Derrickson said in an interview with Yahoo UK that Doctor Strange is not on any side of the Avengers team divide but is instead focused on protecting the Earth from malevolent threats.